Crohn’s Disease Patient-Reported Outcomes (CD-PRO)

Enhance your clinical trial findings with patient insights on treatment efficacy

Gain critical insight into treatment efficacy in Crohn’s disease (CD). The CD-PRO is a self-administered patient-reported outcome measure (PRO) intended for use in clinical trials evaluating treatment efficacy in adult patients (18 years of age and older) with moderate to severe CD treated in an outpatient setting. Developed in accordance with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) Guidelines for Content Validity and Instrument Performance, the CD-PRO is conceptually designed as a collection of separate and distinct modules that assess the signs, symptoms and impacts of CD:

The CD-PRO Signs and Symptoms (CD-PRO/SS) is a six-item daily diary designed to quantify the effects of treatment on patient-reported signs and symptoms of Crohn’s disease. The CD-PRO/SS includes two scales — Bowel Signs and Symptoms (three items) and Functional Symptoms (three items). Each scale is scored separately; there is no total score for the CD-PRO/SS. 

The CD-PRO/SS uses a 24-hour recall and was designed and tested as an e-diary on a handheld device. Electronic administration is strongly recommended. The paper format was used in the cognitive interviewing phase of instrument development only and is available upon request. 

It is the user’s responsibility to select and contract with the ePRO vendor and ensure that the proper licenses are in place.

The Systemic Symptoms measure includes five items, scored as a single scale, to address the presence and severity of systemic symptoms, including pain, fatigue, lack of appetite, weakness and thirst. 

Systemic Symptoms uses a 24-hour recall and was designed and tested as an e-diary on a handheld device. Electronic administration is strongly recommended. The paper format was used in the cognitive interviewing phase of instrument development only and is available upon request. 

It is the user’s responsibility to select and contract with the ePRO vendor and ensure that the proper licenses are in place.

The Coping Strategies measure includes six items, scored as a single score, to address coping strategies such as scheduling activities, eating to control bowel movements, avoiding foods, not going out unless toilets are nearby, carrying a change of clothes and staying home due to CD.  

Comping Strategies uses a 24-hour recall and was designed and tested as an e-diary on a handheld device. Electronic administration is strongly recommended. The paper format was used only in the cognitive interviewing phase of instrument development and is available upon request. 

It is the user’s responsibility to select and contract with the ePRO vendor and ensure that the proper licenses are in place.

The Daily Life Impact measure includes nine items, scored as a single scale, to address interference with work /school, chores, activities for enjoyment, sleep, ability to concentrate, leaving home, ability to travel, sex and planning activities due to CD. 

Daily Life Impact uses a one-week recall and was designed and tested in a paper format. The ePRO format (i.e., screenshots) is available upon request.

The Emotional Impact measure includes eight items, scored as a single scale, to address feeling alone, embarrassed, worried, scared, having no control in life, angry, frustrated and depressed due to CD. 

Emotional Impact uses a one-week recall and was designed and tested in a paper format. The ePRO format (i.e., screenshots) is available upon request. 

Licensing information

As the contracted agency approved by the CD-PRO copyright holder (Amgen Inc., Genentech Inc., and the University of Michigan) to license and distribute the CD-PRO for use, we uphold our responsibility to protect the integrity of the CD-PRO as it is distributed for use, including development of translations.

A user agreement is required for all requests to use the CD-PRO in research and use is granted for a single study only. Fees for licensure vary depending on the type of user making the request and nature of the research. To inquire about terms and fees for licensure to use the CD-PRO, please choose the appropriate affiliation below to submit your interest, and you will be contacted by a COA expert with information relevant to your needs.

Translations available

Translations are currently available in ePRO format for Signs and Symptoms, Systemic Symptoms, and Coping Strategies and in paper format for Daily Life Impact and Emotional Impact.

Scroll the table to view available translations. 

CountryLanguageSigns & symptomsSystemic symptomsCoping strategiesDaily life impactEmotional impact
Argentina Spanish 
Australia English 
Austria German 
Belarus Russian XXX
Belgium Dutch 
Belgium French XXXX
Belgium German 
Bosnia & Herzegovina Bosnian XXXX
Bosnia & Herzegovina Croatian XXXX
Bosnia & Herzegovina Serbian-Latin XXXX
Brazil Portuguese 
Bulgaria Bulgarian 
Canada English 
Canada French 
Chile Spanish 
China Chinese-Simplified 
Colombia Spanish 
Croatia Croatian 
Czech Republic Czech 
Denmark Danish 
Egypt Arabic 
Estonia Estonian     
Finland Finnish     
Finland Swedish     
France French 
Georgia Georgian 
Georgia Russian     
Germany German 
Greece Greek 
Hong Kong Chinese-Traditional     
Hungary Hungarian 
India Bengali 
India English 
India Gujarati 
India Hindi 
India Kannada 
India Malayalam 
India Marathi 
India Odia 
India Punjabi 
India Tamil 
India Telugu 
India Urdu 
IrelandEnglishXXXXX
Israel Arabic 
Israel Hebrew 
Israel Russian 
Italy Italian 
Japan Japanese 
Jordan Arabic     
Latvia Latvian 
Latvia Russian 
Lebanon Arabic 
LebanonEnglishX
Lebanon French     
Lithuania Lithuanian 
Lithuania Russian 
Malaysia Chinese-Simplified 
Malaysia English     
Malaysia Malay 
Malaysia Tamil 
Mexico Spanish 
Moldova Romanian 
Moldova Russian 
Netherlands Dutch 
New Zealand English     
Norway Norwegian 
PeruSpanishXXXXX
Philippines Cebuano 
Philippines English     
Philippines Hiligaynon     
Philippines Tagalog 
Poland Polish 
Portugal Portuguese 
Puerto RicoEnglishXXXXX
Puerto Rico Spanish 
Romania Romanian 
Russia Russian 
Saudi Arabia Arabic     
Serbia Serbian-Cyrillic     
Serbia Serbian-Latin 
Singapore Chinese-Simplified     
Singapore Malay     
Slovakia Slovak 
Slovenia Slovenian    
South Africa Afrikaans 
South Africa English 
South Africa Sesotho X
South AfricaSetswanaXXXXX
South Africa Xhosa     
South Africa Zulu 
South Korea Korean 
Spain Catalan 
Spain Galician 
Spain Spanish 
Sweden Swedish 
Switzerland French 
Switzerland German 
Switzerland Italian 
Taiwan Chinese-Traditional 
Thailand Thai     
Turkey Turkish 
UK English 
Ukraine Russian 
Ukraine Ukrainian 
USA Spanish 

While the list of available translations is extensive, the process for any additional translations needed is outlined below:

  • We must conduct all translation work using our preferred vendors who have a history with this COA
  • Standardized methods for COA translation are followed and certification letters are provided
  • Please provide your language needs on your submission form, and you will be provided with a cost estimate and timeline with our reply to the details of your project

Explore our CD-PRO resources

Higgins PDR, Harding GLeidy NK, DeBusk K, Patrick DL, et al. Development and validation of the Crohn’s disease patient-reported outcomes signs and symptoms (CD-PRO/SS) diary. JPRO. 2017;2(1):24.

Higgins PDR, DeBusk K, Jacob K, Hassanali A, Sharafali A, Oh YS, Kadva A, Matsui A. Defining Responders for the Crohn’s Disease Patient-Reported Outcomes Signs and Symptoms (CD-PRO/SS) Instrument Using Data from Patients Treated with Etrolizumab. Poster presented at: 18th Annual Advances in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Conference; December 12–14, 2019; Orlando, FL.

Higgins PD, Harding G, Patrick DL, Revicki D, Globe G, Viswanathan HN, Trease S, Fitzgerald K, Borie D, Leidy NK. Development of the Crohn’s Disease Patient-Reported Outcomes (CD-PRO) Questionnaire. Poster presented at: Digestive Disease Week 2013; May 18–21, 2013; Orlando, FL.

The CD-PRO User Manual provides an overview of the development and validation studies for the five modules and describes the scoring method.

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